Working principle of diesel engine


Intake stroke: The piston moves downward, the intake valve opens, and fresh air filtered by the air filter enters the cylinder.

Compression stroke: The piston moves upward, the intake and exhaust valves close, the air is compressed, and the temperature and pressure increase.

Combustion and work (expansion) stroke: When the piston is about to reach its peak, the fuel injector sprays filtered fuel into the combustion chamber in a mist form, mixes it with high-temperature and high-pressure air, and immediately ignites and burns on its own. The high pressure generated pushes the piston downwards to work and rotates the crankshaft.

Exhaust stroke: After the power stroke is completed, the piston moves downward, the exhaust valve opens, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder.

Working principle of generator:

A synchronous generator is mainly composed of a stator and a rotor. The stator includes components such as the base, end cover, armature core, and armature winding; The rotor includes components such as the rotor core, rotor winding, fan, and shaft.

When the rotor is driven to rotate by the prime mover (diesel engine), a rotating magnetic field is formed in the air gap, causing the conductor of the armature coil to be cut by magnetic field lines, thereby generating induced potential.

When the load is turned on, induced current is generated in the armature winding, which in turn generates an armature magnetic field in the air gap, which rotates synchronously with the main magnetic field.

The overall working principle of diesel generator set:

A diesel engine generates heat energy by burning diesel, which drives the piston to move and then drives the crankshaft to rotate.

The crankshaft is connected to the rotor of the generator through a coupling, driving the rotor of the generator to rotate.

The rotation of the generator rotor generates a rotating magnetic field in the stator, cutting the armature winding of the stator, thereby generating induced potential and current.

In summary, diesel generator sets generate mechanical energy through the combustion process of diesel engines, and then convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy through generators, achieving the conversion process of chemical energy to mechanical energy and then to electrical energy. ‌

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